banner
Russell Hampton
National Awards Services Inc.
Sage
ClubRunner
"Rotary. . .at Home in Your Heart" - Mary Radicsh
Service Above Self
We meet Thursdays at 12:15 PM
St. Francis Residential Community
122 Diamond Spring Road
Club Room
Denville, NJ  07834
United States
DistrictSiteIcon District Site
VenueMap Venue Map
Executives & Directors
President
 
President Elect
 
Treasurer
 
Secretary
 
Membership
 
Rotary Foundation
 
Vice President
 
Speakers
Jul 20, 2017
The Seeing Eye
Jul 27, 2017
Aug 03, 2017
Research and Recognition Project
Aug 10, 2017
My Brother's Place
Aug 17, 2017
The History of the St. Francis Residence
Aug 24, 2017
Mental Health First Aid
Aug 31, 2017
View entire list
President's Message
Mary Radicsh
member photo
Never fear shadows…they simply mean there is a light shining somewhere….
 
Happy Groundhog Day Everyone!  Are you team Punxsutawney Phil or Staten Island Chuck?  Groundhog Day, officially adopted in the US in 1887 (in, of course, Punxsutawney, PA), comes from a Pennsylvania-German tradition of the 18th and 19th centuries when people use the hibernation patters of bears and badgers to predict the end of winter.  February 2 is about the halfway point between the winter solstice and spring equinox.  I personally see this as reliable as any other weather forecast J
 
The traditions of Groundhog Day on February 2nd, have roots in an early Christian holiday, Candlemas. On this day, candles were blessed and distributed. It was believed that clear skies on Candlemas, February 2nd meant a long winter. When the tradition of Candlemas came to Germany, the story was enhanced. They predicted that if a hedgehog came out on Candlemas Day and saw his shadow, it would mean a long winter. When Germans settled in this country, they brought the tradition with them, and the weather prediction ability was bestowed upon the groundhog.
 
Even on Groundhog Day, some U.S. states don’t look to groundhogs for their predictions. In Alaska, Feb. 2 is Marmot Day. Clark County, Nevada celebrates the day with a desert tortoise named Mojave Max. Louisiana boasts a trio of groundhog alternatives – T-Boy the nutria in New Orleans; Pierre C. Shadeaux, a coypu (or nutria) in New Iberia; and Claude the Cajun Crawfish, who makes his prediction Feb. 1 in Shreveport, just in time for Mardi Gras.
 
I hope your Groundhog Day is merry and bright and that Phil or Chuck brings you the answer you want about winter.
 
President Rita
 
Stories
New Years Resolutions - for District 7470
New Years Resolutions for District 7470 and all of Rotary....
Read more...
High Court Rules that Rotary Clubs Must Admit Women Part 1
Enclosed is the actual case that went to the Supreme court its in two parts as it exceeded the story limit. For those of you who want to read it all in one , I have also uploaded a copy onto club runner under documents. Very interesting part of Rotary History.
481 U.S. 537
107 S.Ct. 1940
95 L.Ed.2d 474
BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF ROTARY INTERNATIONAL, et al., Appellants
v.
ROTARY CLUB OF DUARTE et al.
No. 86-421.
Argued March 30, 1987.
Decided May 4, 1987.
Syllabus
          Rotary International is a nonprofit corporation composed of local Rotary Clubs. Its purposes are to provide humanitarian service, to encourage high ethical standards in all vocations, and to help build world peace and good will. Individuals are admitted to local club membership according to a "classification system" based on business, professional, and institutional activity in the community. Although women are permitted to attend meetings, give speeches, receive awards, and form auxiliary organizations, the Rotary constitution excludes women from membership. Because it had admitted women to active membership, the Duarte, California, Rotary Club's membership in the international organization was terminated. That club and two of its women members filed a suit alleging that the termination violated California's Unruh Act (Act), which entitles all persons, regardless of sex, to full and equal accommodations, advantages, facilities, privileges, and services in all business establishments in the State. The state trial court entered judgment for Rotary International, concluding that neither it nor the Duarte Club is a "business establishment" within the meaning of the Act. However, the State Court of Appeal reversed on this point, and rejected the contention that Rotary's policy of excluding women is protected by the First Amendment. Accordingly, the court ordered the Duarte Club's reinstatement, and enjoined the enforcement of the gender requirements against it.
          Held:
          1. The Unruh Act does not violate the First Amendment by requiring California Rotary Clubs to admit women. P. 544-549.
          (a) Application of the Act to local Rotary Clubs does not interfere unduly with club members' freedom of private association. In determining whether a particular association is sufficiently intimate or private to warrant constitutional protection, consideration must be given to factors such as size, purpose, selectivity, and whether others are excluded from critical aspects of the relationship. Here, the relationship among Rotary Club members does not warrant protection, in light of the potentially large size of local clubs, the high turnover rate among club members, the inclusive nature of each club's membership, the public purposes behind clubs' service activities, and the fact that the clubs encourage the
Page 538
participation of strangers in, and welcome media coverage of, many of their central activities. Pp. 544-547.
          (b) Application of the Act to California Rotary Clubs does not violate the First Amendment right of expressive association. Although clubs engage in a variety of commendable service activities that are protected by the First Amendment, the evidence fails to demonstrate that admitting women will affect in any significant way the existing members' ability to carry out those activities. Moreover, the Act does not require clubs to abandon or alter their classification and admission systems, but, in fact, will permit them to have an even more representative membership with a broadened capacity for service. Even if the Act does work some slight infringement of members' rights, that infringement is justified by the State's compelling interests in eliminating discrimination against women and in assuring them equal access to public accommodations. The latter interest extends to the acquisition of leadership skills and business contacts as well as tangible goods and services. Pp. 549-549.
          2. The contentions that the Act is unconstitutionally vague and overbroad were not properly presented to the state courts, and therefore will not be reviewed by this Court. Pp. 549—550.
          178 Cal.App.3d 1035, 224 Cal.Rptr. 213 (1986), affirmed.
          POWELL, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which REHNQUIST, C.J., and BRENNAN, WHITE, MARSHALL, and STEVENS, JJ., joined. SCALIA, J., concurred in the judgment. BLACKMUN and O'CONNOR, JJ., took no part in the consideration or decision of the case, post, p. ----.
          William P. Sutter, Chicago, Ill., for appellants.
          Judith Resnik for appellees.
          Marian M. Johnston, San Francisco, Cal., for Intervenor, California, supporting appellees, by special leave of Court.
Page 539
           Justice POWELL delivered the opinion of the Court.
          We must decide whether a California statute that requires California Rotary Clubs to admit women members violates the First Amendment.
I
A.
          Rotary International (International) is a nonprofit corporation founded in 1905, with headquarters in Evanston, Illinois. It is "an organization of business and professional men united worldwide who provide humanitarian service, encourage high ethical standards in all vocations, and help build goodwill and peace in the world." Rotary Manual of Procedure 7 (1981) (hereinafter Manual), App. 35. Individual members belong to a local Rotary Club rather than to International. In turn, each local Rotary Club is a member of International. Ibid. In August 1982, shortly before the trial in this case, Inter-
Page 540
national comprised 19,788 Rotary Clubs in 157 countries, with a total membership of about 907,750. Brief for Appellants 7.
          Individuals are admitted to membership in a Rotary Club according to a "classification system." The purpose of this system is to ensure "that each Rotary Club includes a representative of every worthy and recognized business, professional, or institutional activity in the community." 2 Rotary Basic Library, Club Service 67-69 (1981), App. 86. Each active member must work in a leadership capacity in his business or profession. The general rule is that "one active member is admitted for each classification, but he, in turn, may propose an additional active member, who must be in the same business or professional classification." 1 Id., at 7, App. 86. Thus, each classification may be represented by two active members. In addition, "senior active" and "past service" members may represent the same classifications as active members. See Standard Rotary Club Constitution, Art. V, §§ 2-5, Record 97-98. There is no limit to the number of clergymen, journalists, or diplomats who may be admitted to membership. Manual 31, 33, App. 38-39.
          Subject to these requirements, each local Rotary Club is free to adopt its own rules and procedures for admitting new members. Id., at 7, App. 35. International has promulgated Recommended Club By-laws providing that candidates for membership will be considered by both a "classifications committee" and a "membership committee." The classifications committee determines whether the candidate's business or profession is described accurately and fits an "open" classification. The membership committee evaluates the candidate's "character, business and social standing, and general
Page 541
eligibility." Brief for Appellants 7-8. If any member objects to the candidate's admission, the final decision is made by the club's board of directors.
          Membership in Rotary Clubs is open only to men. Standard Rotary Club Constitution, Art. V, § 2, Record 97. Herbert A. Pigman, the General Secretary of Rotary International, testified that the exclusion of women results in an "aspect of fellowship . . . that is enjoyed by the present male membership," App. to Juris. Statement G-52, and also allows Rotary to operate effectively in foreign countries with varied cultures and social mores. Although women are not admitted to membership, they are permitted to attend meetings, give speeches, and receive awards. Women relatives of Rotary members may form their own associations, and are authorized to wear the Rotary lapel pin. Young women between 14 and 28 years of age may join Interact or Rotaract, organizations sponsored by Rotary International.
B
          In 1977 the Rotary Club of Duarte, California, admitted Donna Bogart, Mary Lou Elliott, and Rosemary Freitag to active membership. International notified the Duarte Club that admitting women members is contrary to the Rotary constitution. After an internal hearing, International's board of directors revoked the charter of the Duarte Club and terminated its membership in Rotary International. The Duarte Club's appeal to the International Convention was unsuccessful.
          The Duarte Club and two of its women members filed a complaint in the California Superior Court for the County of Los Angeles. The complaint alleged, inter alia, that appellants' actions violated the Unruh Civil Rights Act, Cal.Civ.Code Ann. § 51 (West 1982).2 Appellees sought to enjoin
Page 542
International from enforcing its restrictions against admitting women members, revoking the Duarte Club's charter, or compelling delivery of the charter to any representative of International. Appellees also sought a declaration that appellants' actions had violated the Unruh Act. After a bench trial, the court concluded that neither Rotary International nor the Duarte Club is a "business establishment" within the meaning of the Unruh Act. The court recognized that "some individual Rotarians derive sufficient business advantage from Rotary to warrant deduction of Rotarian expenses in income tax calculations, or to warrant payment of those expenses by their employers. . . ." App. to Juris. Statement B-3. But it found that "such business benefits are incidental to the principal purposes of the association . . . to promote fellowship . . . and . . . 'service' activities." Ibid. The court also found that Rotary clubs do not provide their members with goods, services, or facilities. On the basis of these findings and conclusions, the court entered judgment for International.
          The California Court of Appeal reversed. 178 Cal.App.3d 1035, 224 Cal.Rptr. 213 (1986). It held that both Rotary International and the Duarte Rotary Club are business establishments subject to the provisions of the Unruh Act. For purposes of the Act, a " 'business' embraces everything about which one can be employed," and an "establishment" includes "not only a fixed location, . . . but also a permanent 'commercial force or organization' or a 'permanent settled position (as in life or business).' " O'Connor v. Village Green Owners Assn., 33 Cal.3d 790, 795, 191 Cal.Rptr. 320, 323, 662 P.2d 427, 430 (1983) (quoting Burks v. Poppy Construction Co., 57 Cal.2d 463, 468-469, 20 Cal.Rptr. 609, 612, 370 P.2d 313, 316 (1962)). The Court of Appeal identified several "businesslike attributes" of Rotary International, including its complex structure, large staff and budget, and ex-
Page 543
tensive publishing activities. The court held that the trial court had erred in finding that the business advantages afforded by membership in a local Rotary Club are merely incidental. It stated that testimony by members of the Duarte Club "leaves no doubt that business concerns are a motivating factor in joining local clubs," and that "business benefits [are] enjoyed and capitalized upon by Rotarians and their businesses or employers." 178 Cal.App.3d, at 1057, 224 Cal.Rptr., at 226. The Court of Appeal rejected the trial court's finding that the Duarte Club does not provide goods, services, or facilities to its members. In particular, the court noted that members receive copies of the Rotary magazine and numerous other Rotary publications, are entitled to wear and display the Rotary emblem, and may attend conferences that teach managerial and professional techniques.
          The court also held that membership in Rotary International or the Duarte Club does not give rise to a "continuous, personal, and social" relationship that "take[s] place more or less outside public view." Ibid. (internal quotation marks and citations omitted). The court further concluded that admitting women to the Duarte Club would not seriously interfere with the objectives of Rotary International. Finally, the court rejected appellants' argument that their policy of excluding women is protected by the First Amendment principles set out in Roberts v. United States Jaycees, 468 U.S. 609, 104 S.Ct. 3244, 82 L.Ed.2d 462 (1984). It observed that "[n]othing we have said prevents, or can prevent, International from adopting or attempting to enforce membership rules or restrictions outside of this state." Id., 178 Cal.App.3d, at 1066, 224 Cal.Rptr., at 231. The court ordered appellants to reinstate the Duarte Club as a member of Rotary International, and permanently enjoined them from enforcing or attempting to enforce the gender requirement against the Duarte Club.
          The California Supreme Court denied appellants' petition for review. We postponed consideration of our jurisdiction to the hearing on the merits. 479 U.S. 929, 107 S.Ct. 396, 93 L.Ed.2d 350 (1986). We
Page 544
conclude that we have appellate jurisdiction,3 and affirm the judgment of the Court of Appeal.
II
          In Roberts v. United States Jaycees, supra, we upheld against First Amendment challenge a Minnesota statute that required the Jaycees to admit women as full voting members. Roberts provides the framework for analyzing appellants' constitutional claims. As we observed in Roberts, our cases have afforded constitutional protection to freedom of association in two distinct senses. First, the Court has held that the Constitution protects against unjustified government interference with an individual's choice to enter into and maintain certain intimate or private relationships. 
Read more...
High Court Rules that Rotary Clubs Must Admit Women - Part 2
Continuation of the case...
continuation...
 
Second, the Court has upheld the freedom of individuals to associate for the purpose of engaging in protected speech or religious activities. In many cases, government interference with one form of protected association will also burden the other form of association. In Roberts we determined the nature and degree of constitutional protection by considering separately the effect of the challenged state action on individuals' free-
Page 545
dom of private association and their freedom of expressive association. We follow the same course in this case.4
            The Court has recognized that the freedom to enter into and carry on certain intimate or private relationships is a fundamental element of liberty protected by the Bill of Rights. Such relationships may take various forms, including the most intimate. See Moore v. East Cleveland, 431 U.S. 494, 503-504, 97 S.Ct. 1932, 1937-1938, 52 L.Ed.2d 531 (1977) (plurality opinion). We have not attempted to mark the precise boundaries of this type of constitutional protection. The intimate relationships to which we have accorded constitutional protection include marriage, Zablocki v. Redhail, 434 U.S. 374, 383-386, 98 S.Ct. 673, 679-681, 54 L.Ed.2d 618 (1978); the begetting and bearing of children, Carey v. Population Services International, 431 U.S. 678, 684-686, 97 S.Ct. 2010, 2015-2016, 52 L.Ed.2d 675 (1977); child rearing and education, Pierce v. Society of Sisters, 268 U.S. 510, 534-535, 45 S.Ct. 571, 573, 69 L.Ed. 1070 (1925); and cohabitation with relatives, Moore v. East Cleveland, supra, 431 U.S., at 503-504, 97 S.Ct., at 1937-1938. Of course, we have not held that constitutional protection is restricted to relationships among family members. We have emphasized that the First Amendment protects those relationships, including family relationships, that presuppose "deep attachments and commitments to the necessarily few other individuals with whom one shares not only a special community of thoughts, experiences, and beliefs but also distinctively personal aspects of one's life." Roberts v. United States Jaycees, supra, 468 U.S., at 619-620, 104 S.Ct., at 3250. But in Roberts we observed that "[d]etermining the limits of state authority over an individual's freedom to enter into a particular association . . . unavoidably entails a careful
Page 546
assessment of where that relationship's objective characteristics locate it on a spectrum from the most intimate to the most attenuated of personal attachments." 468 U.S., at 620, 104 S.Ct., at 3251 (citing Runyon v. McCrary, 427 U.S. 160, 187-189, 96 S.Ct. 2586, 2602-2603, 49 L.Ed.2d 415 (1976) (POWELL, J., concurring)). In determining whether a particular association is sufficiently personal or private to warrant constitutional protection, we consider factors such as size, purpose, selectivity, and whether others are excluded from critical aspects of the relationship. 468 U.S., at 620, 104 S.Ct., at 3250.
          The evidence in this case indicates that the relationship among Rotary Club members is not the kind of intimate or private relation that warrants constitutional protection. The size of local Rotary Clubs ranges from fewer than 20 to more than 900. App. to Juris. Statement G-15 (deposition of Herbert A. Pigman, General Secretary of Rotary International). There is no upper limit on the membership of any local Rotary Club. About 10 percent of the membership of a typical club moves away or drops out during a typical year. 2 Rotary Basic Library, Club Service 9-11 (1981), App. 88. The clubs therefore are instructed to "keep a flow of prospects coming" to make up for the attrition and gradually to enlarge the membership. Ibid. The purpose of Rotary "is to produce an inclusive, not exclusive, membership, making possible the recognition of all useful local occupations, and enabling the club to be a true cross section of the business and professional life of the community." 1 Rotary Basic Library, Focus on Rotary 60-61 (1981), App. 84. The membership undertakes a variety of service projects designed to aid the community, to raise the standards of the members' businesses and professions, and to improve international relations.5 Such an in-
Page 547
clusive "fellowship for service based on diversity of interest," ibid., however beneficial to the members and to those they serve, does not suggest the kind of private or personal relationship to which we have accorded protection under the First Amendment. To be sure, membership in Rotary Clubs is not open to the general public. But each club is instructed to include in its membership "all fully qualified prospective members located within its territory," to avoid "arbitrary limits on the number of members in the club," and to "establish and maintain a membership growth pattern." Manual 139, App. 61-62.
          Many of the Rotary Clubs' central activities are carried on in the presence of strangers. Rotary Clubs are required to admit any member of any other Rotary Club to their meetings. Members are encouraged to invite business associates and competitors to meetings. At some Rotary Clubs, the visitors number "in the tens and twenties each week." App. to Juris. Statement G-24 (deposition of Herbert A. Pigman, General Secretary of Rotary International). Joint meetings with the members of other organizations, and other joint activities, are permitted. The clubs are encouraged to seek coverage of their meetings and activities in local newspapers. In sum, Rotary Clubs, rather than carrying on their activities in an atmosphere of privacy, seek to keep their "windows and doors open to the whole world," 1 Rotary Basic Library, Focus on Rotary 60-61 (1981), App. 85. We therefore conclude that application of the Unruh Act to local Rotary Clubs does not interfere unduly with the members' freedom of private association.6
Page 548
B
          The Court also has recognized that the right to engage in activities protected by the First Amendment implies "a corresponding right to associate with others in pursuit of a wide variety of political, social, economic, educational, religious, and cultural ends." Roberts v. United States Jaycees, 468 U.S., at 622, 104 S.Ct., at 3252. See NAACP v. Claiborne Hardware Co., 458 U.S. 886, 907-909, 932-933, 102 S.Ct. 3409, 3422-3424, 3435-3436, 73 L.Ed.2d 1215 (1982). For this reason, "[i]mpediments to the exercise of one's right to choose one's associates can violate the right of association protected by the First Amendment. . . ." Hishon v. King & Spalding, 467 U.S. 69, 80, n. 4, 104 S.Ct. 2229, 2236, n. 4, 81 L.Ed.2d 59 (1984) (POWELL, J., concurring) (citing NAACP v. Button, 371 U.S. 415, 83 S.Ct. 328, 9 L.Ed.2d 405 (1963); NAACP v. Alabama ex rel. Patterson, 357 U.S. 449, 78 S.Ct. 1163, 2 L.Ed.2d 1488 (1958)). In this case, however, the evidence fails to demonstrate that admitting women to Rotary Clubs will affect in any significant way the existing members' ability to carry out their various purposes.
          As a matter of policy, Rotary Clubs do not take positions on "public questions," including political or international issues. Manual 115, App. 58-59. To be sure, Rotary Clubs engage in a variety of commendable service activities that are protected by the First Amendment. But the Unruh Act does not require the clubs to abandon or alter any of these activities. It does not require them to abandon their basic goals of humanitarian service, high ethical standards in all vocations, good will, and peace. Nor does it require them to abandon their classification system or admit members who do not reflect a cross section of the community. Indeed, by
Page 549
opening membership to leading business and professional women in the community, Rotary Clubs are likely to obtain a more representative cross section of community leaders with a broadened capacity for service.7
          Even if the Unruh Act does work some slight infringement on Rotary members' right of expressive association, that infringement is justified because it serves the State's compelling interest in eliminating discrimination against women. See Buckley v. Valeo, 424 U.S. 1, 25, 96 S.Ct. 612, 637, 46 L.Ed.2d 659 (1976) (per curiam ) (right of association may be limited by state regulations necessary to serve a compelling interest unrelated to the suppression of ideas). On its face the Unruh Act, like the Minnesota public accommodations law we considered in Roberts, makes no distinctions on the basis of the organization's viewpoint. Moreover, public accommodations laws "plainly serv[e] compelling state interests of the highest order." 468 U.S., at 624, 104 S.Ct., at 3253. In Roberts we recognized that the State's compelling interest in assuring equal access to women extends to the acquisition of leadership skills and business contacts as well as tangible goods and services. Id., at 626, 104 S.Ct., at 3254. The Unruh Act plainly serves this interest. We therefore hold that application of the Unruh Act to California Rotary Clubs does not violate the right of expressive association afforded by the First Amendment.8
III
          Finally, appellants contend that the Unruh Act is unconstitutionally vague and overbroad. We conclude that these contentions were not properly presented to the state courts.
Page 550
It is well settled that this Court will not review a final judgment of a state court unless "the record as a whole shows either expressly or by clear implication that the federal claim was adequately presented in the state system." Webb v. Webb, 451 U.S. 493, 496-497, 101 S.Ct. 1889, 1891-1892, 68 L.Ed.2d 392 (1981). Appellants did not present the issues squarely to the state courts until they filed their petition for rehearing with the Court of Appeal. The court denied the petition without opinion. When " ' "the highest state court has failed to pass upon a federal question, it will be assumed that the omission was due to want of proper presentation in the state courts, unless the aggrieved party in this Court can affirmatively show the contrary." ' " Exxon Corp. v. Eagerton, 462 U.S. 176, 181, n. 3, 103 S.Ct. 2296, 2301, n. 3, 76 L.Ed.2d 497 (1983) (quoting Fuller v. Oregon, 417 U.S. 40, 50, n. 11, 94 S.Ct. 2116, 2123, n. 11, 40 L.Ed.2d 642 (1974) (in turn quoting Street v. New York, 394 U.S. 576, 582, 89 S.Ct. 1354, 1360, 22 L.Ed.2d 572 (1969))). Appellants have made no such showing in this case.9
IV
          The judgment of the Court of Appeal of California is affirmed.
          It is so ordered.
          Justice SCALIA concurs in the judgment.
          Justice BLACKMUN and Justice O'CONNOR took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.
1. Rotary Clubs may establish separate classifications for subcategories of a business or profession as long as the classification "describe[s] the member's principal and recognized professional activity. . . ." 2 Rotary Basic Library, Club Service 8 (1981), App. 87. For example, a single Rotary Club may admit categories and subcategories of lawyers: e.g., trial, corporate, tax, labor, and so on. Ibid.
2. The Unruh Civil Rights Act provides, in part:
"All persons within the jurisdiction of this state are free and equal, and no matter what their sex, race, color, religion, ancestry, or national origin are entitled to the full and equal accommodations, advantages, facilities, privileges, or services in all business establishments of every kind whatsoever." Cal.Civ.Code Ann. § 51 (West 1982).
3. We have appellate jurisdiction to review a final judgment entered by the highest court of a State in which decision could be had "where is drawn in question the validity of a statute of any state on the ground of its being repugnant to the Constitution, treaties or laws of the United States, and the decision is in favor of its validity." 28 U.S.C. § 1257(2). Appellants squarely challenged the constitutionality of the Unruh Act, as applied, and the Court of Appeal sustained the validity of the statute as applied. "We have held consistently that a state statute is sustained within the meaning of § 1257(2) when a state court holds it applicable to a particular set of facts as against the contention that such application is invalid on federal grounds." Japan Line, Ltd. v. County of Los Angeles, 441 U.S. 434, 441, 99 S.Ct. 1813, 1817, 60 L.Ed.2d 336 (1979) (citing Cohen v. California, 403 U.S. 15, 17-18, 91 S.Ct. 1780, 1784, 29 L.Ed.2d 284 (1971); Warren Trading Post v. Arizona Tax Comm'n, 380 U.S. 685, 686, and n. 1, 85 S.Ct. 1242, 1243, and n. 1, 14 L.Ed.2d 165 (1965); Bantam Books, Inc. v. Sullivan, 372 U.S. 58, 61, n. 3, 83 S.Ct. 631, 634, n. 3, 9 L.Ed.2d 584 (1963); Dahnke-Walker Milling Co. v. Bondurant, 257 U.S. 282, 288-290, 42 S.Ct. 106, 107-108, 66 L.Ed. 239 (1921)).
4. International, an association of thousands of local Rotary Clubs, can claim no constitutionally protected right of private association. Moreover, its expressive activities are quite limited. See infra, at 548—549. Because the Court of Appeal held that the Duarte Rotary Club also is a business establishment subject to the provisions of the Unruh Act, we proceed to consider whether application of the Unruh Act violates the rights of members of local Rotary Clubs.
5. We of course recognize that Rotary Clubs, like similar organizations, perform useful and important community services. Rotary Clubs in the vicinity of the Duarte Club have provided meals and transportation to the elderly, vocational guidance for high school students, a swimming program for handicapped children, and international exchange programs, among many other service activities. Record 217H-217J.
6. Appellants assert that we "approved" a distinction between the Jaycees and the Kiwanis Club in Roberts v. United States Jaycees, 468 U.S. 609, 630, 104 S.Ct. 3244, 3256, 82 L.Ed.2d 462 (1984). Brief for Appellants 21. Appellants misconstrue Roberts. In that case we observed that the Minnesota court had suggested Kiwanis Clubs were outside the scope of the State's public accommodations law. We concluded that this refuted the Jaycees' arguments that the Minnesota statute was vague and overbroad. We did not consider whether the relationship among members of the Kiwanis Club was sufficiently intimate or private to warrant constitutional protection. Similarly, we have no occasion in this case to consider the extent to which the First Amendment protects the right of individuals to associate in the many clubs and other entities with selective membership that are found throughout the country. Whether the "zone of privacy" established by the First Amendment extends to a particular club or entity requires a careful inquiry into the objective characteristics of the particular relationships at issue. Roberts v. United States Jaycees, supra, at 620, 104 S.Ct., at 3250. Cf. Moose Lodge No. 107 v. Irvis, 407 U.S. 163, 179-180, 92 S.Ct. 1965, 1974-1975, 32 L.Ed.2d 627 (1972) (Douglas, J., dissenting).
7. In 1980 women were reported to make up 40.6 percent of the managerial and professional labor force in the United States. U.S. Department of Commerce, Statistical Abstract of the United States 400 (1986).
8. Appellants assert that admission of women will impair Rotary's effectiveness as an international organization. This argument is undercut by the fact that the legal effect of the judgment of the California Court of Appeal is limited to the State of California. See supra, at 543. Appellants' argument also is undermined by the fact that women already attend the Rotary Clubs' meetings and participate in many of their activities.
9. Appellants point to a passage in the brief they filed in the California Court of Appeal that quotes this Court's opinion in NAACP v. Button, 371 U.S. 415, 435, 83 S.Ct. 328, 339, 9 L.Ed.2d 405 (1963): " 'It is enough [for unconstitutionality] that a vague and broad statute lends itself to selective enforcement against unpopular causes.' " Brief for Respondents in B001663 (Cal.Ct.App.), p. 26 (brackets in original) (quoted in Brief for Appellants 37-37). The quotation occurs in the course of an argument that the Unruh Act should be applied only to memberships in entities that are a vehicle for the public sale of goods, services, or commercial advantages. This casual reference to a federal case, in the midst of an unrelated argument, is insufficient to inform a state court that it has been presented with a claim subject to our appellate jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1257(2).
Read more...
Upcoming Events January 5, 2017
Upcoming Events to keep your eyes out for!
 
1. Dr. Dave's Christmas - January 6th, starting at 7pm at his home
 
2. Santaland Clean Up Party - Saturday, January 7th at 9am at Santaland.
 
3. Denville Rotary Monthly Board Meeting - January 11 at 7pm at St. Francis 
 
4. 70th Anniversay Celebration - April 1, 2017 - Meadow Wood Manor
Read more...
Slate 2017-2018 - 2nd Publication
Rotary Slate for Board 2017-2018...2nd Publication....one more publication of the Slate will go out next week and the whole club will have an opportunity to vote on the slate, December 15 Meeting.
President : Mary Radisch PHF
President Elect: Diane Vezzuto
Vice-President: Helen Quan
Secretary: Janet Navarro
Assistant Secretary: Brendan Gross
Treasurer: Appointed
Assistant Treasure: Greg Dittrich, PHF
Sergeant of Arms: Michael Turallo, PHF
Parliamentarian: Appointed
 
Board of Directors will be:
Tony Torriello, PP, PHF ( 2018)
George Hrobuchak, PP, PHF ( 2018)
Rita Ambrosi PP  ( 2018)
Brian McCabe, PP, PHF ( 2019)
Susan McWilliams ( 2019)
Jennifer Hillegass ( 2019)
 
Any questions or comments please contact the nomination committee. 
Read more...
Denville Rotary Proposed Board 2017-2018
Proposed Board for 2017-2018 ...
President : Mary Radisch PHF
President Elect: Diane Vezzuto
Vice-President: Helen Quan
Secretary: Janet Navarro
Assistant Secretary: Brendan Gross
Treasurer: Appointed
Assistant Treasure: Greg Dittrich, PHF
Sergeant of Arms: Michael Turallo, PHF
Parliamentarian: Appointed
 
Board of Directors will be:
Tony Torriello, PP, PHF ( 2018)
George Hrobuchak, PP, PHF ( 2018)
Rita Ambrosi PP  ( 2018)
Brian McCabe, PP, PHF ( 2019)
Susan McWilliams ( 2019)
Jennifer Hillegass ( 2019)
 
Any questions or comments please contact the nomination committee. 
Read more...
Upcoming Events November 10 2016
1. Santa Land Work Party - November 12, 2016 at 9am
 
2. Monthly Board Meeting All are welcome to attend 7pm St. Francis
 
3. Presidents Ball - November 18, 6pm... and many more.... 
1. 
It's beginning to look a lot like Christmas or least it will after this coming Saturday!
 
SantaLand Work Party
9:00 am, Saturday Nov 12 
RAIN DATE:  SUNDAY, NOV 13
Breakfast will be served!
 
All who attend will receive a golden ticket into the monthly drawing.  All who do not
may receive coal in their stocking ... are you willing to take that risk?
 
2. Monthly Board Meeting - Held at St. Francis at 7pm. All are welcomed to come and learn what goes on in a board meeting or to bring issues up to the clean that we should be made aware of.
 
3. Presidents Ball - Don't forget that is November 18, 2016 and hopefully we have a good amount of people coming to support President Rita.
 
4. Santaland  Tree Lighting, Saturday 7pm, November 26th
 
5. Town Parade starts at 2pm - if marching in Parade meet behind Hunan Taste at 1:15
 
6. Rotary Christmas Party - December 3, information coming soon.
 
7. Ladies Holiday Party at President Rita's House December 15, at 6pm
Read more...
Denville Club Runner
As we are entering into fall, we are sending a friendly reminder that if you have not already done so, you should be logging into Club Runner. There are great things to come and members will have full access. Besides having your information accurate, you will have access to archived files from the onset of the organization as well as updated information to attendance and billing. If anyone has any questions please do not hesitate to reach out to me. Thanks!
 
Helen
Birthdays & Anniversaries
Member Birthdays
Helen Quan
July 18
 
Anthony Eoga
July 30
 
Join Date
Betsy Roberts
July 1, 1988
29 years
 
Stephen Shemonis
July 1, 1985
32 years
 
Thomas Andes
July 1, 2015
2 years
 
Michael Turallo
July 5, 2007
10 years
 
Brian McCabe
July 9, 2009
8 years
 
Gopal U. Rao
July 18, 2002
15 years